F |
| Fanagolo | Fanagalo (or Fanakalo) is a pidgin (simplified language) based on the Zulu, English, and Afrikaans languages. It is used mainly in the gold, diamond, coal and copper mining industries in South Africa. |
| FAO | The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. |
| Fault | A fracture in rock caused by stress. |
| Fauna | Animal life. The fauna of an ecosystem is all of the animal life found in that ecosystem. |
| FDC (Flow Duration Curve) | A plot that shows the percentage of time that flow in a stream is likely to equal or exceed some specified value of interest. |
| Fecundity | Fecundity generally refers to the ability to reproduce. In demography, fecundity is the potential reproductive capacity of an individual or population. In biology the definition is more equivalent to fertility, or the actual reproductive rate of an organism or population, measured by the number of gametes (eggs), seed set or asexual propagules. |
| Feedlots | A plot of ground on which livestock are fattened for market. |
| Fertilizer | An inorganic or organic substance that adds nutrients to soil for the purpose of increasing the growth of crops, trees, or other vegetation. |
| Filling | Adding to and building up with material such as soil or gravel. |
| Fiscal policies | The use of government spending and taxing powers to affect the behaviour of the economy. |
| Fitness for use | A method of rating water as fit for different use cases. |
| Floodplain | Nearly level land along a stream flooded only when the streamflow exceeds the water carrying capacity of the channel. |
| Flora | Plant life. The flora of an ecosystem is all of the plant life found in that ecosystem. |
| Florisbad | The Florisbad archaeological and paleontological site is a provincial heritage site in Brandfort in the Free State province of South Africa. |
| Flow Duration Curve (FDC) | A plot that shows the percentage of time that flow in a stream is likely to equal or exceed some specified value of interest. |
| Fodder crops | Crops grown primarily for animal feed. |
| Food chain | A model describing the idea that organisms are dependent upon others for food and are linked to each other by this dependence. |
| Food security | When all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. |
| Food web | A conceptual diagram that represents the feeding relationships of organisms within an ecosystem. It consists of a series of interconnected food chains. |
| Footprint | Footprint is an abstract term used to present an area of influence or impact from a specific activity or phenomena. |
| Foreign policy | A set of goals outlining how the country will interact with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily, and to a lesser extent, how the country will interact with non-state actors. |
| Formation | A geological formation is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, used to describe rock strata that have a comparable lithology, facies or other similar properties. |
| Fracture | Crack or linear break in a rock formation. |
| Framework | Basic conceptual structure used to solve or address complex issues. |
| Freshwater | Naturally occurring water on the Earth's surface in bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers and streams, and groundwater in aquifers and underground streams. Freshwater is characterized by having low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water. |
| Frontal rainfall | Precipitation resulting from the convergence of two air masses. Also known as convergence rainfall. |
| Fungi | A eukaryotic, multicellular organism that functions as a primary decomposer of dead plants and animals. |
