About.com. 2009. Pre-Colonial cultures in South Africa. African History. http://africanhistory.about.com/library/ weekly/aa-SAColonists1.htm. Accessed on 2 May 2009. Abu Muhammad Shajaat Ali. 2006. Indigenous Knowledge of Water Resource Management in Dry Lands: A Conceptual Framework. Available at: http://www.isdehs.com/html/2006___058.html, accessed on: May 29, 2009. Adongo, J. and M. Deen-Swarray. 2006. Poverty Alleviation in Rural Namibia through Improved Access to Financial Services. NEPRU Working Paper No. 109. The Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit. Windhoek, Namibia. AFIRM. 2009. African Small-Scale Fisheries Management: Definition of a Small-Scale Fishery. Available at: http://www.affirm.dk/definition/definition.html, accessed on: March 26, 2009. Ashton, P.J. 2000. Southern African water conflicts: are they inevitable or preventable? In: Water Wars: Enduring Myth or Impending Reality, In: H Solomon and AR Turton (Eds), Africa Dialogue Monograph Series No. 2. The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD), Durban, South Africa, pp. 62-105. Ashton, P.J. and Ramasar, V. 2002. Water and HIV/AIDS: Some strategic considerations for southern Africa. In: Hydropolitics in the Developing World: A Southern African Perspective, Turton, A.R. and Henwood, R. (Eds), Pretoria, African Water Issues Research Unit (AWIRU). Pp. 217-235 Atlas of Namibia 2002. Atlas of Namibia online. Available at: http://www.uni-koeln.de/sfb389/e/e1/download/atlas_namibia/main_namibia_atlas.html, accessed on: October 3, 2009. AVERT. 2008. HIV/AIDS in Botswana. AVERTing HIV and AIDS. Available at: www.avert.org/aidsbotswana.htm, accessed on: November 5, 2008. Basotho. 2007. The Basotho of Southern Africa. Available at: http://www.basotho.org/Basotho/Basotho.htm. Accessed on 3 March 2009. BBC News. 2009. Country Profiles. Available at: news.bbc.co.uk/ 2/hi/country_profiles/default.stm, accessed on: March 18, 2009. . Bohenski, E., B. Reyers., A. van Jaarsveld, and C. Fabricius. 2004. Ecosystem services in the Gariep Basin. Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Botswana Tourism Board. 2006. Available at: http://www.botswana tourism.co.bw/about/culture_and_history.html, accessed on: March 2, 2009. Boudreaux, K. 2007. Mercatus Policy Series. Community-Based Natural Resource Management and Poverty Alleviation in Namibia: a Case Study. Mercatus Centre, George Mason University. Cambray J. A., B.R. Davies, and P.J. Ashton. 1986. The Orange River System. In: Davies, B.R. and K.F. Walker (editors). The Ecology of River Systems. Clover, J. 2003. Botswana: Future Prospects and the Need for Broad-based Development. African Security Analysis Programme Situation Report, 1 September 2003. Available at: http://www.iss.co.za/af/current/botswanasep03.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Conley, A.H. and P.H. van Niekerk. 1998. Sustainable management of international waters: The Orange River case. Water Policy, Volume: 2, Issue: 1-2 June 1, 2000. pp. 131-149. CSO (Central Statistical Office), Botswana. 2008. STATS BRIEF, Labour March 2008. Available at: http://www.cso.gov.bw/images/stories/StatsBrief/employment_2008.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Darkoh, M.B.K. 1997. Desertification in Botswana. RALA Report No. 200. Available at: www.rala.is/rade/ralareport/darkoh.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Davidsen, P.A. 2006. The Making and Unmaking of the Politics of Exceptionality: Studying Processes of Securitisation and Desecuritisation in the Orange and Okavango River Basins. Thesis Submitted for the Degree Master of Comparative Politics November 2006, University of Bergen. Available at: http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/abst_docs/davidsenthesis.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Davies, B.R. and K.F. Walker (Eds). 1986. The Ecology of River Systems. Monographiae Biologicae 60, 89-122. Davis, J. 1993. 'The Stolen Water and Other Stories: Traditional Tales from Namibia', New Namibia Books, Windhoek, Namibia. Denbow, J.R. and P.C. Thebe. 1946. Culture and Customs of Botswana. Greenwood Press. USA. Dewalt, B.R. 1994. "Using indigenous knowledge to improve agriculture and natural resource management." Human Organisation 53 (2). pp.123-131. DFID (Department of International Development). 1999. Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets 1.1 & 2.1. Available at: www.dfid.gov.uk, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Dierkes, K and C Roberts. 2009. Demographics and service delivery in southern Namibia with special reference to the Orange-Fish River Basin, Namibia. Report produced for the Ephemeral River Basins in Southern Africa (ERB) Project, Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN): Windhoek.
DWAF. 2004a. Integrated Strategic Perspective: Upper Orange Water Management Area. DWAF Report Number: P WMA 13/000/00/0304. Pretoria, South Africa. DWAF (Department of Water Affairs and Forestry). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa Website. Available at: dwaf.gov.za, accessed on: March 23, 2009. Earle, A., D. Malzbender, A. Turton, and E. Manzungu. 2005. A Preliminary Basin Profile of the Orange/Senqu River. AWIRU, University of Pretoria, South Africa, ISBN: 1-86854-618-7. 44 pp. EC (European Community). 2002. Kingdom of Lesotho: Country Strategy Paper and Indicative Programme for the period 2001 – 2007. Available at: ec.europa.eu/development/icenter/repository/print_ls_csp_en.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009.
Emery, A.R. 1996. The Participation of Indigenous Peoples and Their Knowledge in Environmental Assessment and Development Planning (draft). Centre for Traditional Knowledge: Ottawa, Canada. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation). 1997. FAO Irrigation potential in Africa, a basin approach, FAO Land and Water Bulletin vol. 4, FAO, Rome. FAO. 2005. Special Report: FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to Lesotho, 20 June 2005. Available at: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/008/J5513e/J5513e00.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. FAO. 2001. Food Security. Definition of Food Security. Available at: www.fao.org/. Accessed on 4 July 2009. Förster, L. 2005. Land and landscape in Herero oral culture: Cultural and social aspects of the land question in Namibia. In: Namibia- Analysis and Views. Edition 1, 2005. Available at: http://www.kas.de/wf/doc/kas_6396-544-1-30.pdf, accessed on: March 25, 2009.
Ferroukhi, Lyes and Srinivas Chokkakula. 2006. Indigenous knowledge of water management. 22nd WEDC Conference. New Dehli, India. Available at: Frankental, S. and O.B. Sichone. 2005. South Africa's Diverse People: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. Fuller, B. 2006. Improving tenure security for the rural poor – Namibia: A country case study. Food and Agriculture of the United Nations. Available at: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/k0787e/k0787e00.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Gewald, J-B. 2001. El Negro, el Nino, Witchcraft and the Absence of Rain in Botswana. African Affairs 100: 555-580. Gwebu, T. 2004. Patterns and trends of urbanization in Botswana and policy implications for sustainability (Botswana). Available at: http://www.uic.edu/cuppa/ cityfutures/papers/webpapers/cityfuturespapers/session3_3/3_3patterns.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Government of Botswana. 2007. Annual Poverty Monitoring Report 2006/2007: Translating the National Strategy for Poverty Reduction into Action. Gaborone, Botswana. Henderson, Z. 2005. Florisbad, South Africa: Over 120,000 years of human activity. NYAME AKUMA. No. 44. December 1995. Available at: http://cohesion. rice.edu/CentersAndInst/SAFA/emplibrary/44_ch12.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. ICSU (International Council for Science). 2002. ICSU Series on Science for Sustainable Development. No. 4: Science, Traditional Knowledge and Sustainable Development. 24 pp.
IDRC (International Development Research Centre ). 2003. Traditional Ecological Knowledge Concepts and Cases. J.T. Inglis (Ed). Available at: Indigenous Water Initiative. 2003. Available at: http://www.indigenouswater.org./about.html, accessed on: May 28, 2009. ISS (Institute for Security Studies). 2009. Namibia-Economy. Availalbe at: www.iss.co.za/AF/profiles/Namibia/Economy.html#Anchor-11111, accessed on: March 25, 2009. Index Mundi. Country profiles. Available at : www.indexmundi.com,accessed on 20 November 2011. Jürgens, N. 1991. A new approach to the Namib Region. 1. Phytogeographic subdivision. Vegetatio 97: 21-38. Justinus Sechefo, n.d. Available at: http://www.malealea.co.ls/basotho-culture/basotho-beliefs.html, accessed on: May 27, 2009. KfW. Country information for Lesotho. Available at: www.kfw-entwicklungsbank.de/EN_Home/Countries_and_ Projects/SubsaharaA93/Zentralafr31/Lesotho11/Country_Information_Lesotho.pdf, accessed on: February 10, 2009. Knight, R. 2006. South Africa 2006: Population and HIV/AIDS. South Africa Delegation Briefing Paper, November 2006. Available at: http://richardknight.homestead.com/files/SouthAfrica2006-PopulationanandHIV-AIDS.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Krüger, F. 1998. Taking advantage of rural assets as a coping strategy for the urban poor: the case of rural urban interrelations in Botswana. Environment and Urbanization, Vol. 10, No. 1, April 1998. Available at: http://eau.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/10/1/119.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Kunene, M. 1982. Ancestors and the Sacred Mountain. Masisi Kunene Foundation, Durban, South Africa. Permission Received May 4, 2009. Personal communication (letter to V. Smith, Hatfield Consultants from R.M. Kunene, Mazisi Kunene Foundation). Lange, G., E. Mungatana, and R Hassan. 2007. Water accounting for the Orange River Basin: An economic perspective on managing a transboundary resource. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/3103, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Lesotho News. September 17, 2007. The Lesotho News issued an important appeal from His Majesty King Letsie III: His Majesty Calls for Nation to Pray for Rain. LHDA (Lesotho Highlands Development Authority). 2002. Analysis of the minimum degradation, Treaty, Design limitation and Fourth Scenarios for Phase 1 development, Section 3: Social consequences. Report compiled by H. Sabet and P. Martel. Report No. LHDA 678-F-002. LHDA, Maseru, Lesotho. LHDA. 2005. The economic impacts of Phase 1 of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. March 2005. Livingston, J. 2005. Debility and the moral imagination in Botswana. Indiana University Press, Indiana, USA. Loew, E.C. 1996. Basutoland. Eds. Olsen, J.S. and R. Shadle. History of the British Empire. pp 117-119. Luyt, D. 2008. Governance, Accountability and Poverty Alleviation in South Africa. Centre for Social Accountability. Rhodes University. South Africa. Matlosa, K. 1998. Changing socio-economic setting of the Highlands Regions as a result of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. Transformation 37 (1998) pp. 29-45. Martin, M. 1903. Basutholand: It’s Legends and Customs. Nichols & Co. London.
Matete, M. 2004. The ecological economics of inter-basin water transfers: The Case of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. PhD thesis for: the Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension of Rural Development. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2003. Ecosystems and human well-being: a framework for assessment. Washington, DC. Island Press. Mining-technology.com. 2009. Debswana Diamond Mines, Botswana. Available at: http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/ debswana/, accessed on: March 24, 2009. Ministry of Trade and Industry 2009. Namibia Ministry of Trade and Industry website: Naute Aqua Fish Farms Project. Available at: http://www.mti.gov.na/subpage.php?linkNo=113, accessed on: October 3, 2009. Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Namibia). 2009. Integrated Conservation and Development Plan (ICDP) for the Namibian Component of a Potential Transfrontier Conservation Area along the Lower Orange River. ICDP Report January 2009. Stubenrauch Planning Consultants.
Mphale, M.M. and E.G. Rwambali. 2003. Lesotho Food Security Issues Paper for Forum for Food Security in Southern Africa. Namibia Early Warning and Food Information Unit 2006. Namibia Food Bulletin June 2006. Available at: http://www.tulane.edu/~internut/namannexuploads/Annex%204.doc, accessed on: October 2, 2009. Namibian History 2009. Namibian History website. Available at: http://www.namibianhistory.com, accessed on: October 3, 2009. Namibian Tourism Board. 2009. Available at: http://www.namibiatourism.com.na/, accessed on: March 13, 2009. Nel, B. 2004. Performance Improvement. Volume 43, Number 3. Nile RAK. 2007. Nile River Basin River Awareness Kit. Available at: http://nteap.nilebasin.org/nrak/NRAK/RS_L3/index.html, accessed on: May 10, 2009. NPC (National Planning Commission). 1998. Poverty Reduction Strategy for Namibia. Cabinet Decision 34th/01.12.98/002. Available at: http://www.mca.gov.na/download_doc.php?id=17. Accessed on 12 July 2009. OECD. 2006. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: South Africa. OECD Publishing. OneWorld.net. One World UK. Available at: http://uk.oneworld.net/, accessed on: March 12, 2009. ORASECOM. 2007h. Demographic and Economic Activity in the Four Orange Basin States. Orange River Integrated Water Resource Management Plan. WRP Consulting Engineers, Jeffares and Green, Sechaba Consulting, WCE (Pty) Ltd. ORASECOM. 2009a. Personal communication. E-mail sent by Mr. Rapule Pule, ORASECOM Secretariat stating areas and percentages of the Orange-Senqu River basin states within the basin. Received 2 July 2009. Poverty Reduction Strategy. 2004. Kingdom of Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy. Available at: www.lesotho.gov.ls/documents/PRSP_Final.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Peace Corps Namibia. 2009. Available at: http://www.peacecorp.gov/wws/educators/enrichment/africa/countries/namibia/waterculture.html, accessed on: March 10, 2009. Peace Corps Lesotho. 2009. Available at: http://www.peacecorp.gov/wws/educators/enrichment/africa/countries/lesotho/waterculture.html, accessed on: March 10, 2009.
Republic of Namibia. 2006. Regional Poverty Profile: Based on Village-level Participatory Poverty Assessment in Hardap Region, Namibia. Scholes, R.J.and R. Biggs (eds). 2004. Ecosystem Services in Southern Africa: a regional assessment. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria. South Africa Info. 2009. Available at: http://www.southafrica.info/about/, accessed on: Februrary 13, 2009. SA Government 2009. Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative- South Africa website (ASGISA). South African Government. Available at: http://www.info.gov.za/asgisa/. Accessed March 2008. SA Nature Reserves. Augrabies Falls National Park, Northern Cape, South Africa. Available at: http://www.nature-reserve.co.za/ augrabies-falls-preserve.html, accessed on: March 26, 2009. South African Government Information. Economy. Available at: http://www.info.gov.za/aboutsa/economy.htm, accessed on: June 3, 2008. SAfMA (Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment). 2004. Available at: http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/SGA.Safma.aspx, accessed on: October 6, 2009. Statssa (Statistics South Africa). 2007. A national poverty line for South Africa. Available at: www.treasury.gov.za/publications/other/povertyline/Treasury StatsSA poverty line discussion paper.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. The Cardboard Shop. 2009. The Travel Shop: Ai-Ais Richtersveld Transfrontier Park. Available at: http://www.namibian.org/travel/ namibia/ai-ais-richtersveld.html, accessed on: March 26, 2009. The Water Wheel. 2006. Exploring Water Culture. Available at: www.wrc.org.za/downloads/education/water culture.pdf, accessed on: February 2009. Ten Kate, K. and S. Laird. 1999. The Commercial Use of Biodiversity: Access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing. London: Earthscan.
Thrupp, L.A. 1989. "Legitimizing Local Knowledge: From Displacement to Empowerment for Third World People". Agriculture and Human Values. Summer Issue. pp.13-24. United Nations. 2006. World Water Day 2006: Water and Culture. Available at: http://www.unesco.org/water/wwd2006/, accessed on: January 23, 2009. United Nations. June 2007. Africa and the Millennium Development Goals: 2007 Update. UN Department of Public Information. UN MGD. 2007 MDG Monitor. Available at: http://www.mdgmonitor.org/, accessed on: March 26, 2009. UNDP. 2007/2008. Human Development Reports. Indicators. Available at: http://hdrstats.undp.org/indicators/, accessed on: October 6, 2009. UNDP HDR. 2009. Human Development Report: Statistical Update 2008. Available at: http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/, accessed on: May 29, 2009. UNDP HDR .2011. Human Development Report.Statistical Update 2011.Available at : http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2011,accessed on November 20,2011. UNEP. 2005. Facing the Facts: Assessing the Vulnerability of Africa’s Water Resources to Environmental Change. ISBN No: 92-807-2574-2. UNEP. 2008. Vital Water Graphics - An Overview of the State of the World’s Fresh and Marine Waters. 2nd Edition. UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya. ISBN: 92-807-2236-0 UNESCO. 2002. Available at: http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=5065&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html, accessed on: May 28, 2009. UNICEF. 2007. UNICEF Humanitarian Action Lesotho in 2007. United Nations Children’s Fund. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/arabic/har07/ files/ countrychap_ Lesotho.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. UNICEF. 2009. UNICEF South Africa. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/southafrica_877.html, accessed on: October 6, 2009.. United Nations. 2008. The Millennium Development Goals 2008. United Nations. Available at: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/The Millennium Development Goals Report 2008.pdf, accessed on: October 6, 2009. US Department of State. 2009a. Background Note profile on Botswana. Available at: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1830.htm. Accessed on: March 12, 2009. US Department of State. 2009b. Background Note profile on Lesotho. Available at: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2831.htm. Accessed on: March 12, 2009. WHO Global TB report. 2007. Global tuberculosis control - surveillance, planning, financing. WHO Report 2007. WHO/HTM/TB/2007.376. Available at: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2007/en/index.html, accessed on: October 6, 2009. WHO/UNICEF. 2008. Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation: Special Focus on Sanitation. UNICEF, New York and WHO, Geneva, 2008. Available at: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/monitoring/jmp2008/en/index.html, accessed on: October 6, 2009. WHO, IUCN and WWF. 1993. Guidelines on the Conservation of Medicinal Plants. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. World Bank. 2009. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/afr/ik/basic.htm, accessed on: May 24, 2009. World Wildlife Fund. 2001. Succulent Karoo (AT1322) Available at: http://www. worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at1322_full.html, accessed on: October 6, 2009. WFP.World Food Program: Lesotho. Available at: wfp.org/country_brief/indexcountry.asp?country=426, accessed on: March 26, 2009. (This site will be archived in the near future). Watts, M.J. and H.-G. Bohle. 1993. The space of vulnerability: the causal structure of hunger and famine. – Progress in Human Geography 17: 43-67 World Water Assessment Programme. 2003. Water for People, Water for Life, First edition, 2003. Available at: http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/wwdr/, accessed on: October 6, 2009. World Water Assessment Programme. 2006. Water: A Shared Responsibility, Second edition. 2006. Available at: http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/wwdr/, accessed on: October 6, 2009. World Water Assessment Programme. 2009. The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Water in a Changing World. Paris: UNESCO, and London: Earthscan. WDID 2009. (World Development Indicators Database). Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/, accessed on: April 29, 2009. World Bank. 2008. Country Data Profile Available at: http://ddp-ext.worldbank.org/ext/ddpreports/ViewSharedReport?REPORT_ID=9147&REQUEST_TYPE=VIEWADVANCED, accessed on: October 6, 2009. World Bank. Poverty Net. Namibia: Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Growth. Available at: web.world bank.org/, accessed on: March 2009. World Fact Book. 2009. Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ bc.html, accessed on: March 10, 2009. World Resources Institute (WRI). 2009. Earth Trends Country Profiles. Available at: earthtrends.wri.org/, accessed on: March 10, 2009. WRC. 2005. Increasing Food Security through Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation. WRC Media Release. Available at: http://www.wrc.org.za/archives/.../2005/rainwaterharvesting-nov05.rtf, accessed on: February 2, 2009. Zunkel, K. 2003. Transfrontier Initiative Aims to Boost Communities. In: ANC Daily News Briefing. Available at: http://70.84.171.10/~etools/newsbrief/2003/news0312.txt, accessed on: October 6, 2009.
|
||||||||